Teething 101: Causes, Symptoms, Soothing Tips, and Oral Care for Babies

Teething is a natural milestone in a baby’s development, marking the emergence of their first set of teeth, also known as primary or milk teeth. While this is an exciting phase for parents, it can also be a challenging time for both the baby and the caregivers. Understanding the process, recognizing the symptoms, and learning how to alleviate discomfort can help make teething more manageable.

 

What is Teething?

Teething refers to the process of a baby’s teeth breaking through the gums. Most babies begin teething between 4 and 7 months of age, although the timing can vary significantly. Some babies may start as early as 3 months, while others might not begin until after their first birthday. By the age of 3, most children will have their full set of 20 primary teeth.

The typical order of tooth eruption is as follows:

1. Lower central incisors (bottom front teeth) – 6 to 10 months
2. Upper central incisors (top front teeth) – 8 to 12 months
3. Upper lateral incisors (beside the top front teeth) – 9 to 13 months
4. Lower lateral incisors – 10 to 16 months
5. First molars – 13 to 19 months
6. Canines (pointed teeth) – 16 to 23 months
7. Second molars – 23 to 33 months

 

Symptoms of Teething

Teething symptoms can vary from one baby to another. Some babies experience mild discomfort, while others may find the process more distressing. Common symptoms include:

1. Irritability and Fussiness: The pressure of teeth pushing through the gums can cause discomfort, leading to crankiness.
2. Drooling: Increased saliva production is common during teething.
3. Chewing and Gnawing: Babies often chew on their hands, toys, or other objects to relieve gum pressure.
4. Swollen or Tender Gums: The gums around the emerging teeth may appear red or swollen.
5. Changes in Eating Patterns: Babies might eat less or prefer softer foods due to gum sensitivity.
6. Sleep Disruptions: The discomfort can lead to more frequent night wakings.
7. Ear Pulling and Cheek Rubbing: Pain from teething can radiate to the ears and cheeks, causing babies to tug or rub these areas.

It’s important to note that while symptoms like a mild fever or loose stools are sometimes associated with teething, they should not be severe. If a baby has a high fever, persistent diarrhea, or other concerning symptoms, consult a pediatrician as these may indicate another issue.

 

How to Soothe a Teething Baby

Parents and caregivers can try several strategies to ease teething discomfort:

1. Provide Teething Toys: Rubber or silicone teething rings and toys can be comforting for babies to chew on. Ensure they are made from safe, non-toxic materials.
2. Cold Compresses: Chilling a teething ring or giving the baby a cold, wet washcloth to chew on can help numb the gums and reduce swelling.
3. Massage the Gums: Gently rubbing the baby’s gums with a clean finger can provide temporary relief.
4. Use Teething Biscuits: Hard teething biscuits can be helpful for babies who are eating solids, but always supervise to prevent choking.
5. Pain Relief Medications: If the baby is in significant discomfort, over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen (for babies older than 6 months) can be used. Always consult a pediatrician before administering medication.
6. Avoid Harmful Remedies: Avoid using teething gels or medications containing benzocaine or lidocaine, as these can pose serious health risks.

 

Teething and Oral Hygiene

Teething is the perfect time to start establishing good oral hygiene habits. Even before teeth emerge, cleaning a baby’s gums with a soft, damp cloth after feedings can help remove bacteria and prevent future dental issues.

Once teeth begin to appear:

1. Use a Soft-Bristled Toothbrush: Choose a baby toothbrush with soft bristles and a small head.
2. Use Fluoride Toothpaste: Apply a rice-grain-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste for children under 3 years old.
3. Brush Twice a Day: Brush the baby’s teeth in the morning and before bedtime.
4. Avoid Sugary Drinks and Snacks: Limit exposure to sugary substances that can lead to tooth decay.
5. Schedule a Dental Visit: The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends a child’s first dental visit by their first birthday or within six months of the first tooth erupting.

 

When to Call a Pediatrician

While teething is a natural process, certain signs warrant a visit to the pediatrician. Seek medical advice if:

• The baby has a fever above 101°F (38.3°C).
• Symptoms persist beyond a few days.
• There is excessive drooling leading to a rash or skin irritation.
• The baby refuses to eat or drink.
• There are signs of an infection, such as pus around the gums or unusual swelling.

 

Myths and Misconceptions About Teething

Several myths about teething persist, leading to confusion among parents. It’s important to separate fact from fiction:

1. Teething Does Not Cause High Fever: While mild temperature elevation can occur, high fever is not a typical symptom of teething.
2. Teething Is Not Always Painful: Some babies may not show any discomfort during teething.
3. Amber Teething Necklaces Are Not Proven to Work: These pose choking and strangulation risks and should be avoided.

 

The Emotional Side of Teething

Teething can be a challenging time for parents, especially when a baby is experiencing significant discomfort. It’s important to remain patient and remember that this phase is temporary. Comforting your baby with cuddles, soothing words, and consistent care can make a big difference.

 

Conclusion

Teething is a significant developmental milestone that all babies go through. While it can be a source of discomfort, understanding the process and implementing strategies to soothe symptoms can help both the baby and caregivers navigate this phase with greater ease. By establishing good oral hygiene practices early on, you set the foundation for a lifetime of healthy dental habits. If you’re ever in doubt about your baby’s symptoms, don’t hesitate to consult a pediatrician for guidance.

 

READ MORE: Baby Grinding Teeth

 

Sources:
https://www.orajelkids.com/en/resources/teething-chart-see-when-your-babys-teeth-will-come-in
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/11179-teething-teething-syndrome
https://www.health.ny.gov/prevention/dental/birth_oral_health.htm